Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the body's antioxidant defense system. It helps to neutralize harmful free radicals, particularly the superoxide radical, which can cause damage to cells and tissues. SOD is found in various cellular compartments, including the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and extracellular space. Research in the area of superoxide dismutase aims to understand its function, regulation, and potential therapeutic applications for conditions related to oxidative stress and inflammation, such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. Studies also explore how lifestyle factors, such as diet and exercise, can influence SOD levels and activity in the body.